辛伐他汀对急性呼吸窘迫综合征的治疗效果研究

目的 探讨辛伐他汀治疗急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法 将2018 年1 月～2019 年7月至我院治疗的88 例高ARDS 患者纳入研究，随机均分为实验组与对照组，每组各44 例。两组患者在常规治疗之外，实验组接受每日80 mg 辛伐他汀给药，对照组接受每日80 mg 安慰剂给药。研究持续28 d，治疗前后使用Murray 肺损伤评分评估患者肺损伤程度，检测治疗后患者血浆IL-6、TNF-α 和hs-CRP 含量，统计研究期间两组患者不良反应率。并使用辛伐他汀处理EC 细胞，检测S1PR1 蛋白和KLF2 蛋白的表达。结果 治疗后，两组患者Murray 肺损伤评分均显著下降（P＜0.05），且实验组改善幅度大于对照组；治疗后，实验组患者Murray 肺损伤评分、血浆IL-6/TNF-α 和hs-CRP 均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）；治疗期间，两组间总不良反应率比较，差异无统计学意义（P=0.534）。辛伐他汀处理后，EC 细胞中的S1PR1 和KLF2 的表达均显著提高。结论 辛伐他汀治疗能够显著改善ARDS 患者肺损伤和炎症反应，具有良好的安全性，可能是通过与KLF2 相关的机制，增加S1PR1 的表达来增强内皮屏障功能，从而降低血管通透性的增加。     

玉液汤对2型糖尿病肥胖患者肠道菌群及脂质代谢的影响

目的：探讨玉液汤对2型糖尿病肥胖患者肠道菌群及脂质代谢影响。方法：选取2017年2月至2019年2月广州市中医医院收治的2型糖尿病肥胖患者106例作为研究对象，按照就诊顺序分为对照组和观察组，每组53例。2组均给予基础治疗+药物治疗，观察组再加用玉液汤治疗。观察2组治疗前、完成治疗后肠道菌群、脂质代谢、中医症状积分、血糖相关指标、体质量、腰围、体质量指数(BMI)变化并比较。结果：2组治疗前各指标比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），完成治疗后观察组患者的中医症状积分、FINS、HOMA-IR、HbAlc、BMI、腰围、体质量、TC、TG、LDL-C、肠杆菌、酵母菌、肠球菌、畏寒肢冷、腰膝酸软、脘腹2组患者治疗后HDL-C、双岐杆菌、乳杆菌、拟杆菌均较治疗后明显上升，且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：玉液汤能改善2型糖尿病肥胖患者脂质代谢和临床症状，降低血糖，能调节肠道菌群紊乱，从而提高疗效。     

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Multidisciplinary Clinic-Cairo University (HMC-CU) score: A new simple score for diagnosis of HCC

Background and Study AimsThe risk of hepatocarcinogenesis depends on background liver factors, of which fibrosis is a major determinant. Serum markers and scores are of increasing importance in non-invasive diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis. Our aim was to predict the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using a non-invasive fibrosis score calculated using routine patient data.Patients and mthodsOur retrospective study included 1,291 hepatitis C related-HCC Egyptian patients (Group 1) recruited from the multidisciplinary HCC clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University in the period between February 2009 and June 2016 and 1072 chronic hepatitis C-naïve patients (Group 2) with advanced fibrosis (≥F3) and cirrhosis (F4). King score, Fibro Q score, Aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), AST to ALT ratio (AAR), LOK score, Göteborg University Cirrhosis Index (GUCI), Fibro-α and Biotechnology Research Center (BRC) scores were calculated for all patients. Regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were used to calculate the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for significant scores with the best cut-off for predicting HCC. A regression equation was used to calculate predicted probabilities of HCC using the following variables; age, gender, haemoglobin, international normalised ratio (INR), albumin and alpha fetoprotein. The appropriate score cut-off points yielding optimal sensitivity and specificity were determined by ROC curve analysis.ResultsThere was a highly significant difference between the two groups for all calculated scores (P = 0.0001). Our new score, the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Multidisciplinary Clinic-Cairo University (HMC-CU) score (Logit probability of HCC =  − 2.524 + 0.152*age – 0.121*Hb − 0.696*INR – 1.059*Alb + 0.022*AFP + 0.976*Sex. Male = 1, Female = 0), with a cut-off of 0.559 was superior to other scores for predicting HCC, having a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 80.6%.ConclusionThe HMC-CU score is a promising, easily calculated, accurate, cost-effective score for HCC prediction in chronic HCV patients with advanced liver fibrosis.     

LacdiNAc-Glycosylated Prostate-specific Antigen Density is a Potential Biomarker of Prostate Cancer

BackgroundSerum LacdiNAc-glycosylated prostate-specific antigen (LDN-PSA) and LDN-PSA density together with PSA and PSA density (PSAD) were measured as a diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PCa).Patients and MethodsWe included 150 patients with PCa without hormonal therapy and 41 patients without PCa obtained from the Kyoto University Hospital between 2012 and 2017. LDN-PSA levels were measured through a WFA–anti-PSA antibody sandwich immunoassay using a highly sensitive surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) system. Diagnostic performance of serum LDN-PSA and LDN-PSAD was evaluated by measuring the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe AUCs of LDN-PSA, LDN-PSAD, and PSAD levels (0.780, 0.848, and 0.835, respectively) detected in patients with PCa were significantly higher (P = .0001, P < .0001, and P < .0001, respectively) than that of PSA (0.590). Moreover, among 143 patients with PCa who received radical prostatectomy (RP), the AUCs of LDN-PSA, LDN-PSAD, and PSAD levels (0.750, 0.812, and 0.769, respectively) detected in patients with a pathologic Gleason grade group ≥ 2 were significantly higher (P = .0170, P = .0028, and P = .0003, respectively) than that of PSA (0.578). In the group comprising 35 patients who received RP with a Gleason grade group 1-graded biopsy, the LDN-PSA, LDN-PSAD, and PSAD levels were significantly different (P = .0097, P = .0024, and P = .0312, respectively). However, PSA alone could not discriminate cases with adverse features (P = .454).ConclusionsLDN-PSAD is a potential marker for detecting PCa and selecting candidates for RP.     

Comparison of survival between adolescent and young adult vs older patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUNDDue to the special clinical features and biologic characteristics of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers, AYA cancers are different from cancers in children and elderly individuals. However, there are few reports on AYA hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).AIMTo investigate the overall survival (OS) of AYA (15-39 years) and elderly (40-74 years) patients with HCC.METHODSThe data of all the HCC cases were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 to 2015 and were then divided into two groups based on age: AYA group (15-39 years) and older group (40-74 years). Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to compare the OS of the two groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to analyze the OS difference between the two groups. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to perform multivariate analysis to explore the risk factors for OS of HCC patients.RESULTSCompared to elderly cancer patients, AYA patients with HCC had a worse Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results stage, including the distant stage (22.1% vs 15.4%, P < 0.001), and a more advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, including AJCC III and IV (49.2% vs 38.3%, P < 0.001), and were more likely to receive surgery (64.5% vs 47.5%, P < 0.001). Before PSM, the AYA group had a longer survival in months (median: 20.00, interquartile range [IQR]: 5.00-62.50) than the older group (median: 15.00, IQR: 4.00-40.00) (P < 0.001). After PSM, the AYA group still had a longer survival in months (median: 21.00, IQR: 5.00-64.50) than the older group (median: 18.00, IQR: 6.00-53.00) (P < 0.001). The Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that advanced age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.405, 95%CI: 1.218-1.621, P < 0.001) was a risk factor for OS of HCC patients. In the subgroup analysis, the Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that in AJCC I/II HCC patients, advanced age (HR = 1.749, 95%CI: 1.352-2.263, P < 0.001) was a risk factor for OS, while it was not a risk factor in AJCC III/IV HCC patients (HR = 1.186, 95%CI: 0.997-1.410, P = 0.054) before PSM. After PSM, advanced age (HR = 1.891, 95%CI: 1.356-2.637, P < 0.001) was still a risk factor for OS in AJCC I/II HCC patients, but was not a risk factor for OS in AJCC III/IV HCC patients (HR = 1.192, 95%CI: 0.934-1.521, P = 0.157) after PSM.CONCLUSIONAYA patients with HCC have different clinical characteristics from older adults. In different AJCC stages, the two groups of patients have different OS: In AJCC I/II HCC patients, advanced age is a risk factor for OS, but it is not a risk factor for OS in the AJCC III/IV HCC patient group.     

穴位贴敷联合风咳汤治疗感染后咳嗽的临床研究

目的:探究风咳汤联合穴位贴敷治疗感染后咳嗽的临床疗效,以期丰富治疗方法,为治疗感染后咳嗽提供科学依据。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年1月南京市中西医结合医院收治的感染后咳嗽患者88例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组44例。对照组予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用风咳汤联合穴位贴敷治疗,均治疗2周。观察比较2组患者采用不同方法治疗前、后中医证候积分、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、诱导痰上清液中P物质(SP)含量水平变化情况。治疗过程中收集不良反应资料,结束治疗后比较2组疗效。结果:1)2组患者完成治疗方案后,中医症候积分较治疗前均显著下降,观察组显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2)治疗后2组患者IL-8、TNF-α、SP含量均较治疗前显著下降,且观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3)观察组患者临床控制率、总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4)2组患者ALT、AST、CCr、BUN水平和不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:风咳汤联合穴位贴敷治疗感染后咳嗽能提高疗效,降低炎性反应水平,改善症状和生命质量。     

天麻钩藤汤联合温胆汤治疗原发性高血压病合并头痛患者的效果及对生活质量评分、中医证候积分的影响

目的:探讨天麻钩藤汤联合温胆汤治疗原发性高血压病(Essential Hypertension,EH)合并头痛患者的效果。方法:选择2017年1月-2018年12月我院接收治疗的EH患者总共100例作为本次的研究对象,并按照随机的方法分为两组,即研究组(50例)及对照组(50例)。其中对照组的患者服用天麻钩藤汤,研究组的患者服用温胆汤合天麻钩藤汤;观察并记录两组的降压效果、中医证候积分以及生活质量测评表(Quality Of Life,QOL)-100评分。结果:给予治疗后,研究组及对照组的收缩压与舒张压均出现一定程度的下降,并且前组显著低于后组(P<0.05);研究组的QOL-100评分总分为(14.67±3.71)分,对照组的QOL-100评分总分为(11.75±3.16)分,前组的QOL-100评分显著高于后组(P<0.05);给予治疗后,研究组的中医证候积分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在治疗EH患者的过程中,天麻钩藤汤联合温胆汤服用的降压效果非常理想,明显改善临床症状,可以广泛使用。     

3D-STI技术联合SYNTAX评分在评价复杂冠心病中的价值

[摘要]目的 探讨实时三维斑点追踪（RT3D-STI）技术联合冠状动脉SYNTAX评分（SS）在评价复杂冠心病患者左室心肌功能中的价值。方法 78例复杂冠心病患者根据SS收集我院拟行冠状动脉造影术（CAG）患者141例，根据CAG影结果分为复杂冠心病组（三支主要冠状动脉和/或左主干狭窄>50%，n=78），非复杂冠心病组（单支/双支主要冠状动脉狭窄>50%，n=30）和对照组（冠状动脉狭窄≤50%，n=33），根据SS将复杂冠心病组分为低分亚组（SS<23，n=26），中分亚组（23≤SS<33，n=25）及高分亚组（SS≥33，n=27）。，应用3D-STI技术获取左心室整体纵向、径向、圆周、三维应变（GLS、GRS、GCS、G3DS）及各节段纵向、径向、圆周、三维应变（LS、RS、CS、3DS），计算平均基底段LS、RS、CS、3DS，中间段LS、RS、CS、3DS，心尖段LS、RS、CS、3DS，行组间比较分析获取相应测值，比较各组间的差异。结果 ①三组间整体、平均节段应变呈减小趋势（P<0.05）。2.三亚组的GLS、GRS、GCS、G3DS呈减小趋势（P<0.05），基底段LS、3DS，中间段LS、RS、CS、3DS，心尖段LS、RS、CS、3DS呈减小趋势LS-BAS、3DS-BAS、LS-MID、RS-MID、CS-MID、3DS-MID、LS-AP、RS-AP、CS-AP、（P<0.05）。②ROC曲线分析示GLS、GCS、GRS、G3DS对不同程度复杂冠心病有一定检测价值，以G3DS及GLS曲线下面积最大。③相关性分析示复杂冠心病组GLS、GCS、GRS、G3DS与冠状动脉SS呈负相关（r=-0.548，-0.366，-0.411，-0.556，P均<0.05）。④重复性检验：3D-STI参数在观察者内及观3DS-AP呈减小趋势（P<0.05）。3.ROC曲线分析：GLS、GCS、GRS、G3DS对不同程度复杂冠心病有一定检测价值，以G3DS及GLS曲线下面积最大。 4.相关性分析：复杂冠心病组GLS、GCS、GRS、G3DS与冠状动脉SS呈负相关（r=-0.548，-0.366，-0.411，-0.556，P均<0.05）。.察者间测量有良好的一致性。结论 RT3D-STI技术可在一定程度上反应复杂冠心病患者的冠状动脉病变程度，联合SYNTAX评分在复杂冠心病的诊断和指导治疗上有一定的积极意义。     

补气养阴降糖饮联合二甲双胍治疗老年2型糖尿病的疗效观察

目的:观察补气养阴降糖饮加减联合二甲双胍治疗老年2型糖尿病(气阴两虚证)的效果。方法:选取2018年4月至2019年10月北京市和平里医院收治的老年2型糖尿病(气阴两虚证)患者84例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组42例。2组均予以基础治疗,对照组予以二甲双胍口服,观察组予以补气养阴降糖饮加减联合二甲双胍治疗。比较2组治疗前后主症、次症及总评分、糖代谢水平、临床疗效、胰岛素抵抗指数水平及不良反应。结果:治疗后2组主症、次症及总评分,糖代谢水平、胰岛素抵抗指数水平均下降,且观察组较对照组降低的更为明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),且不良反应均轻微。结论:对老年2型糖尿病气阴两虚证予以补气养阴降糖饮加减联合二甲双胍可有效控制症状,改善糖代谢,增强临床疗效,减轻胰岛素抵抗,且安全。